Causes of death in Latin: Morbus et Qualitas Mortis

In historical Polish death records, particularly those from the 17th to 19th centuries, the cause of death was often recorded in Latin — the official language of the Church and many civil institutions of the time. The phrase morbus et qualitas mortis (“illness and nature of death”) regularly appears in these entries, describing what led to an individual’s passing. For genealogists, these Latin phrases are more than just medical notes. They offer insight into the living conditions, health risks, and historical events that shaped your ancestors’ lives. Understanding whether someone died of phthisis (tuberculosis), febris puerperalis (childbirth fever), or apoplexia (stroke) can add valuable depth to your family history.

Latin–English Glossary of Causes of Death

Below is a detailed glossary of Latin death causes found in Polish parish and civil records. Each term is accompanied by its English translation and, where relevant, a historical or medical explanation. This reference has been created to support researchers working with original records. If you’re unsure how to interpret a specific entry, abbreviation, or handwriting, feel free to contact us — we provide professional record translation and analysis services.